+Английский, вариант 5
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ВАРИАНТ 5
I. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно.
CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
То conduct an electric current is the same as to transmit electrons. All substances have some ability to transmit electrons but they differ greatly in the ease with which electrons pass through them. For instance, a copper wire conducts electricity readily, glass seems to conduct so little current that it is hardly measurable. Substances through which currents easily pass are known to be conductors. Those substances that strongly resist the flow of current are termed insulators. An insulator is also called a dielectric. It has very few charges that are able to move under the influence of the electric field.
There is, however, no sharp distinction between conductors and insulators. Under ordinary conditions there is no perfect conductor and no perfect dielectric. For instance, paper though a poor conductor is by no means a perfect insulator. All substances conduct a little electricity - even such materials as porcelain, rubber, paper and glass which are considered as good insulators. However, the insulators have so few electrons that can move about in practice, they don’t allow a current to flow through them.
Almost all metals are good conductors of electricity but silver is believed to be the best conductor of all. Copper comes next; it is followed by aluminum. Copper is our most commonly used conductor. In addition to its high conductivity, copper is abundant, easily mined and processed.
Some liquids also conduct electric currents. They even prove to be good conductors of electricity.
Most gases conduct current under proper conditions of pressure and temperature. They are not as good electrical conductors as metals.
II. Определите, какую функцию в предложении выполняет глагол to be и переведите предложение на русский тык (см. образец выполнен на 1).
An insulator is also called a dielectric.
III. Найдите в тексте и выпишите одно предложение с глаголом to have. Определите его функцию. Предложение переведите.
IV. Найдите в тексте и выпишите одно предложение с глаголом to do. Определите его функцию. Предложение переведите.
V. Выпишите из первого первого абзаца одно предложение в страдательном залоге. Определите время сказуемого. Предложение переведите.
VI. Переведите предложения, стоящие в страдательном залоге. Выпишите сказуемое и определите его время (см. образец выполнения 2).
1) Electricity will be conducted easily by a copper wire.
2) The substances resisting the flow of current arc termed insulators.
3) Copper was easily mined and processed.
VII. Найдите в тексте и выпишите одно предложение с инфинитивом в функции часта сказуемого (после модального глагола). Предложение переведите.
VIII. Определите функцию инфинитива в данном предложении и переведите его на русский язык.
All substances have some ability to transmit electrons.
IX. Найдите в тексте и выпишите два предложения с инфинитивным оборотом сложное подлежащее. Предложения переведите.
X. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сложное дополнение.
1) Insulators allow only a negligible current to flow through them.
2) We know salt water to conduct electricity.
XI. Ответьте письменно на вопрос по тексту.
Is there a sharp distinction between conductors and insulators and why?
XII. Вставьте в предложения данные слова.
1) Paper is a poor...
2) ... is believed to be the best conductor of all.
3) An ... has very few free ...
4) ... seems to conduct little ...
(glass, current, charges, insulator, conductor, silver)
I. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно.
CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
То conduct an electric current is the same as to transmit electrons. All substances have some ability to transmit electrons but they differ greatly in the ease with which electrons pass through them. For instance, a copper wire conducts electricity readily, glass seems to conduct so little current that it is hardly measurable. Substances through which currents easily pass are known to be conductors. Those substances that strongly resist the flow of current are termed insulators. An insulator is also called a dielectric. It has very few charges that are able to move under the influence of the electric field.
There is, however, no sharp distinction between conductors and insulators. Under ordinary conditions there is no perfect conductor and no perfect dielectric. For instance, paper though a poor conductor is by no means a perfect insulator. All substances conduct a little electricity - even such materials as porcelain, rubber, paper and glass which are considered as good insulators. However, the insulators have so few electrons that can move about in practice, they don’t allow a current to flow through them.
Almost all metals are good conductors of electricity but silver is believed to be the best conductor of all. Copper comes next; it is followed by aluminum. Copper is our most commonly used conductor. In addition to its high conductivity, copper is abundant, easily mined and processed.
Some liquids also conduct electric currents. They even prove to be good conductors of electricity.
Most gases conduct current under proper conditions of pressure and temperature. They are not as good electrical conductors as metals.
II. Определите, какую функцию в предложении выполняет глагол to be и переведите предложение на русский тык (см. образец выполнен на 1).
An insulator is also called a dielectric.
III. Найдите в тексте и выпишите одно предложение с глаголом to have. Определите его функцию. Предложение переведите.
IV. Найдите в тексте и выпишите одно предложение с глаголом to do. Определите его функцию. Предложение переведите.
V. Выпишите из первого первого абзаца одно предложение в страдательном залоге. Определите время сказуемого. Предложение переведите.
VI. Переведите предложения, стоящие в страдательном залоге. Выпишите сказуемое и определите его время (см. образец выполнения 2).
1) Electricity will be conducted easily by a copper wire.
2) The substances resisting the flow of current arc termed insulators.
3) Copper was easily mined and processed.
VII. Найдите в тексте и выпишите одно предложение с инфинитивом в функции часта сказуемого (после модального глагола). Предложение переведите.
VIII. Определите функцию инфинитива в данном предложении и переведите его на русский язык.
All substances have some ability to transmit electrons.
IX. Найдите в тексте и выпишите два предложения с инфинитивным оборотом сложное подлежащее. Предложения переведите.
X. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сложное дополнение.
1) Insulators allow only a negligible current to flow through them.
2) We know salt water to conduct electricity.
XI. Ответьте письменно на вопрос по тексту.
Is there a sharp distinction between conductors and insulators and why?
XII. Вставьте в предложения данные слова.
1) Paper is a poor...
2) ... is believed to be the best conductor of all.
3) An ... has very few free ...
4) ... seems to conduct little ...
(glass, current, charges, insulator, conductor, silver)